An important task in the construction of pipelines is to determine the pressure and flow rate in complex piping systems. In practice, the calculation of the total pressure losses serves as a foundation for the design of suitable drive units for heating and air conditioning systems, drinking water supply systems and parts of wastewater systems. Knowledge of pressure losses is also used to optimise operation. 
  HM 111 enables the construction and investigation of various pipe networks, such as parallel and series connections of pipes, their branching and merging, and the study of individual pipes. In analogy to Kirchhoff's laws of electricity, it is possible to conduct nodal analyses.
  The five pre-installed pipe sections on the top of the trainer are connected to pipe networks using the piping elements. Tank, pipes, piping elements and fittings are made entirely of plastics. The individual pipe sections are shut off by ball valves. During the experiments, the pressure losses in various pipes and piping elements are recorded.
  Two manometers for different measuring ranges are included to measure differential pressure. The flow rate is measured volumetrically.
  The trainer has its own water supply. The closed water circuit includes a supply tank with submersible pump.
  The well-structured instructional material sets out the fundamentals and provides a step-by-step guide through the experiments. 
 

- recording the calibration curve for pipe sections:

  pressure loss over flow rate
- pipe sections connected in parallel
- pipe sections connected in series
- combined series and parallel connection
- investigation of a closed circular pipeline
- differential pressure measurement
- pressure losses at various piping elements